Is Gamay Red or White?

The short answer: Gamay is a red grape

Gamay is indeed a red grape variety, scientifically known as Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc.
Its dark skin gives wines their characteristic ruby-red hue.

However, the grape’s juice is white (jus blanc), a trait it shares with many red grape varieties.
This unique combination allows for a range of winemaking techniques, resulting in diverse wine styles that highlight Gamay's versatility.

Origins and history of Gamay

The Gamay grape has its roots in France, with historical records tracing its cultivation back to the 14th century.
It originated in the village of Gamay near Beaune in Burgundy, but it found its true home in the Beaujolais region, just south of Burgundy.

Why Gamay left Burgundy?

In 1395, Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, famously outlawed Gamay in favor of Pinot Noir, declaring it :

“a very bad and disloyal plant.” - Philip the Bold

This decree pushed Gamay southward to Beaujolais, where its ability to thrive in granite-rich soils cemented its reputation.

Characteristics of Gamay wines

Color and appearance

Gamay wines are typically light to medium-bodied reds with vibrant ruby hues. The skin of the grape contributes not only to the color but also to the delicate structure of the wine, which is low in tannins compared to other red varieties.

Aromas and flavors

Gamay wines are renowned for their bright fruit-forward profile, often showcasing flavors of:

• Red berries like cherry, raspberry, and cranberry.
• Floral notes such as violet and peony.
• Subtle earthy undertones, depending on the terroir.

White winemaking with Gamay?

While Gamay is predominantly used to make red wines, there are rare instances where it contributes to white or rosé wines.
How? Through specific winemaking techniques:

• Vin Gris: In this method, Gamay grapes are pressed immediately after harvest, limiting skin contact and producing a pale, nearly white wine.
• Blending: Gamay occasionally appears in blends that include white grape varieties, though this is uncommon.

In the Beaujolais region, Gamay is occasionally vinified as a rosé, offering fresh and light summer wines.

Where to find Gamay wines?

Beaujolais: the heart of Gamay

The Beaujolais region primarily produces wines from Gamay, with small quantities of Chardonnay and other minor grape varieties also cultivated for white and specialty wines.
From the fresh and fruity Beaujolais Nouveau to the more structured and complex Cru Beaujolais (like Morgon or Fleurie), this grape truly shines.

Other regions

Gamay is also cultivated in:

• The Loire Valley, where it is often blended with other varieties.
• Switzerland, where it contributes to Dôle, a blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay.